《台灣社會研究季刊》 第58期:

編輯室報告

一般論文

殖民地女性與民族/國家想像/任佑卿(58 民 94.6 頁 1-32)

這篇論文以殖民地朝鮮女性的國民化問題為中心,闡述殖民地經驗與女性民族/國家想像之間的相關性。女性主義必須超越父權意識形態的國族主義,不過,這必須首先要闡明民族/國家想像是如何作用為性認同性的基礎。強調民族/國家與女性之間的密切關聯,不應該被誤解為是對國族主義的無條件服輸。如果要批判作為近代普遍問題的女性國民化,也得首先闡明各國民國家之間的差異。總不能一概而論地縫合殖民———被殖民國之間的差異。女性主義超越國族主義,並尋求連帶的可能性,首先要認識和關注相互之間的差異。基於此,本論文將從抵抗民族主義、親日協作、兩個帝國主義等三個部分考察女性的民族/國家想像與殖民地特殊性。最後論文提出,女性主義也需要非西方帝國主義即日本帝國主義的殖民地經驗為現實基礎,進行東亞時空化的思考。

關鍵字:女性的國化、民族/國家想象、國族主義、女性主義、東亞殖民經驗、西方帝國主義/非西方帝國主義

Focusing on the issue of women’s "becoming people" in colonized Chosun society under the occupation of Japan, this paper deals with how the colonial experience is related to the women's imagination with regards to the nation/state. The locus of nation/state is an important foundation to build the modern women’s identity, whether it is imagined or in reality. For better or worse, women are also a subject who imagines and constitutes the nation/state. So, feminism should not only transgress/traverse nationalism as an apparatus of patriarchal ideology as Ueno Chizuko argues but also bring to light how imagined nation/state contributes fundamentally to the identities of women. To seek for the possibility of solidarities among women, first of all, understanding and consideration of the mutual differences between women of every nations should be emphasized. Especially, to explore the women’s solidarities between colonized and colonizing countries (such as Korea and Japan) in the past, how to discuss the distinctive and differentiated colonial experience and memory of the two countries which is the biggest obstacle for solidarity among women of the two countries should be debated before anything else. In this context, my paper will be divided into three sections to discuss the characteristics of women's imagination on nation/state: 1) nationalism in resistance, 2) collaboration with Japanese imperialism, 3) entangling between Japanese imperialism and western ones. In conclusion, this essay will suggest that an angle of East Asia is indispensable to feminism, which has been suffered from the colonial experience exacerbated by Japanese imperialism which is different from the western ones.

Keywords:women’s becoming people, imagination on nation/state, nationalism, feminism, colonial experience in East Asia, western imperialism /non-western(Japanese) imperialism


晚清帝國的臺北社會:論「國家與社會」關係下的次序運作/蘇碩斌(58 民 94.6 頁 33-84)

有關清代臺北市街發展史的豐富研究成果,似乎隱含兩種治史策略:一個是著重時序史實的「四時期發展論」;另一個則是著重國家統治效果的「兩階段建設論」。這兩個策略的交錯,使既存的臺北市街史乃在1875年出現分期,前期偏重墾戶、商業、郊行、家族等議題,後期偏重設府、築城、物質建設等議題。這固使都市發展歷程清晰地建構,但卻忽略「國家與社會」並非二元對立、而是分離又結合的特殊關係。本文重新檢視各個發展時期的臺北市街秩序形成,認為清末臺北存在著串連國家和社會的中介階層,而以紳商(而非頭人)作為承載者,在聯庄庄約、行郊郊規、築城合作等過程上,都可見到國家力量與社會力量的互動運作。在理論的意義上,將對「市民社會」作為解釋清末中國城市發生質疑,而較接近以地域社會概念作為分析工具。

關鍵字:市民社會、士紳、郊、地域社會、臺北、第三領域

Taiwan historians had made brilliant contributions about the city history of Taipei in Qing dynasty. But those researches seemed to stem from two kinds of strategies: (1) a linear pattern that put emphasis on the chronological facts, (2) a two-stages patterns that put emphasis on the appearance of the aggressive role of the state. The two strategies had been combined as an epistemological dichotomy between "the state" and "the society". This paper is to explore how the practical order of the city be managed by the mediate-stratum (the gentries instead of the heads), and to inspire the disjunctive but also conjunctive relation between the state and the society. Also, some theories with sociological meanings are reviewed, especially the concept of "civil society" and the concept of "local society".

Keywords:civil society, gentry, guild, local society, Taipei, third realm


翻轉漢人姓名意像:「請問『蕃』名」系列影片與原住民影像運動/林文玲(58 民 94.6 頁 85-134)

本文主要從阿美族導演馬躍‧比吼與布農族的莎瓏‧伊斯哈罕布德成為系列的「請問『蕃』名」影片,以及這些影片在阿美影展策展小組的推動之下,接連於2002年與2003年在都市、部落、校園與其他公共場合中公開放映。從中處理影像活動作為一種原住民社會╱文化運動,觀察行動者如何從文化角度介入,進行社會運動。

這一系列影片主要探討原住民傳統命名系統在歷史的演變中,由被賜漢姓、改為日本名與被換上漢名的喪失原名的歷史經驗,到試圖回復傳統名字的意識覺醒與行動實踐。「還我姓氏」在1980年代以來既與「正名運動」、「還我土地」運動同時被標舉為原住民權利運動的三大訴求之一。「請問『蕃』名」系列影片因此有必要放到台灣原住民運動的歷史脈絡下來探討。

本文所描述的個人(導演馬躍‧比吼、莎瓏‧伊斯哈罕布德)與團體(阿美影展策展小組成員),他們藉由影片拍攝、影展的舉辦與到各地進行放映,一方面拋出議題於社會空間的諸多層面,另一方面在影像推廣中,集結人們、進行活動、提供觀點並喚起意識。使得影片脫離單純(可閱讀的)文本層次,進入到Faye Ginsburg所提出的文化媒體的概念,進行想法與觀點的溝通與傳播。

影像作為一種社會運動,在本研究中將從文化行動與社會過程兩個互有關連的面向進行討論。在文化行動的面向以詮釋架構為核心的集體行動研究取向,目的在於觀察(1)該運動的詮釋架構調度了那些文化元素,(2)該組織如何進行它的符號生產,與(3)並帶來什麼樣的動員成效。而在社會過程的面向將聚焦於(1)認同與集體行動,(2)認同作為自我定義的社會過程,與(3)多重認同等議題。

「請問『蕃』名」系列影片展現台灣原住民族各具特色、豐富的姓名文化之外,也一一呈現個人與各別族群之經驗、歷史、社會變遷、主體能動性與族群文化認同的具差異而又持續不斷的作為,並繼而在這樣的論述與社會文化空間之中,重新描繪「多元」之意涵。「原住民命名文化」也在製作、映演、影展活動與傳播過程中,成為一項社會議題。它一方面提出意見、表達立場,另一方面喚起意識、集結行動者,進行溝通以及訴求解決之道。影片在此非常是一種文化媒體,也是社會行動的一種形式。

關鍵字:原住民影片、影像運動、文化媒體、認同過程

From 2002 to 2003, the series films "What Is Your 'Real' Name", directed by Mayaw Biho of Amis and Salone Ishahavut of Bunun, which discuss the historical transformation of indigenous naming systems in Taiwan, played in the Amis Film Festival in urban areas, tribes, college campuses, and so on. In this paper, using this series films as prime targets of analysis, the author explains the sequence of image actions (including film-making, film-playing, and film-viewing) as both the cultural action and the social process of an indigenes social/cultural movement that is seeking to regain its indigenous name. As image actions are understood as collective action, the culture of the naming system is re-situated into a context in which people can articulate certain meanings of their own. In this social process, on the other hand, the identities affected by different social factors and events are shown as both individual and collective

Keywords:indigenous film, image actions, cultural media, identification


地方意象、地域意義與再現體制:1990年代以降的文山地區/王志弘(58 民 94.6 頁 135-188)

地方意象與地域意義並非自然天成,而是鑲嵌於地域內外的複雜社會關係與過程(社會形構)之中,成為不可分割的部份;一方面構成了理解和想像地域發展的參考架構,一方面又是特定地域過程的產物。在隱含了聯盟與衝突的社會關係和地域過程中,特定的再現與傳播機制會塑造地方意象與地域意義,以介入地域發展或地方意識的形塑。本文以台北市文山區為例,選取特定再現體制及其產物———房地產廣告、教育體制的鄉土教材、區公所的網站與規劃報告,以及社區大學的文史課程與相關活動———探討這些不同體制如何相應於其置身地域內外之社會過程的位置和利益,而塑造出特定的地方意象和意義,並且根據其文本產物與活動特性,釐析彼此的關係。本文的理論性疑旨在於:地域的社會過程和發展,不能脫離地方意象與地域意義的塑造來看待,而地域意義的塑造是不同的地域計畫競逐的場域。

關鍵字:再現體制、地方意象、地域意義、台北、文山

Place image and locality meanings are not naturally given, but embedded in complex social relationships and processes (social formation) inside and beyond locality. These images and meanings are products of specific local process, but act as the framework for recognizing and imagining local development at the same time. More specifically, local images and meanings are produced and diffused in and through regimes of representation, and in their turn mediate the local development and the shaping of local consciousness. The author chose Wenshan District of Taipei City as an example, using materials from real-estate advertisements, elemental school local cultural curricula, government reports and pamphlets, and community college courses and publications, to illustrate how different mechanisms produce and diffuse specific local images according to their respective social positions. The main theoretical argument is that the social process of local development can not be understand without consideration of local images and local meanings shaping, and local meaning shaping is a contesting field of historical local development projects.

Keywords:regime of representation, locality meaning, place images, Taipei, Wenshan


亞洲華人文化論壇

鄰居如何看待兩岸問題?/陳光興(58 民 94.6 頁 189-190)

淺析馬來西亞華人社會對台海兩岸的觀點/王維興(58 民 94.6 頁 191-204)

新加坡政府及人民對兩岸關係的看法/蔡明發(58 民 94.6 頁 205-210)

日本人的台灣認識/松永正義(58 民 94.6 頁 211-214)

一個和平主義者的觀點/簡錫堦(58 民 94.6 頁215-220)

華人群體的普遍性與特殊性/錢永祥(58 民 94.6 頁221-228)

現場提問與對談/馮建三等(58 民 94.6 頁 229-242)

中國革命和亞洲討論/賀照田(58民 94.6 頁243-256)

日本的「獨立」和亞洲的「屈辱」-關於東亞冷戰結構的形成/丸川哲史(58民 94.6頁 257-270)

 

問題與討論

回應佩里.安德森:不安的島嶼-再談「南中國海的藍與綠」/黃泰山(58 民 94.6 頁 271-294)

後國族的兩岸思考/陳宜中(58 民 94.6 頁 295-316 )

 

問題與討論

回應軍購案:對於「反軍購運動」的幾點建議/李樹山(58 民 94.6 頁 317-332 )

 

調查報告

競賽作為一種生產:台灣職業棒球勞動過程的分析/蔡侑霖(58 民 94.6 頁 333-352)

 

書評

評法農的黑皮膚白面具--黑色的俄爾甫斯(Orpheus)、白色的納西塞斯(Narcissus)/楊明敏(58 民 94.6 頁 353- )